What is MOGAD?

MOGAD (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease) is a rare neuroimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks a protein called MOG (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein).

MOG is found in the myelin sheath—the protective covering of nerve fibers in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves—and plays a critical role in maintaining healthy communication between nerve cells.

In MOGAD, antibodies targeting the MOG protein cause inflammation and damage to the myelin sheath, disrupting normal nerve function. Depending on which part of the central nervous system is affected, symptoms can vary widely. The most common include:

• Optic neuritis (vision loss, eye pain),
• Transverse myelitis (numbness, weakness in the arms or legs),
• Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) (altered consciousness, headaches—more common in children),
• and in some cases, encephalitis-like symptoms (changes in speech, memory, or behavior).

Although MOGAD shares some features with MS (Multiple Sclerosis) and NMOSD (Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder), it is a distinct disease that requires specific diagnostic and treatment approaches. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly impact the course of the illness.

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At MOGAD Solidarity Foundation…

We are committed to raising awareness of MOGAD, informing patients and families, and making the invisible struggles of this disease more visible.

Beyond the neurological symptoms, we recognize and emphasize the psychological and social impact of living with MOGAD.

We are here to show that no one has to face this condition alone—and to build a strong network of support and solidarity